Philosophical and theological discourse by N.A. Berdyaev, Russian avant-garde and religious ideas of Daniil Kharms
Publication Title:
Philosophical and theological discourse by N.A. Berdyaev, Russian avant-garde and religious ideas of Daniil Kharms
Abstract:
The article discusses the philosophical views of N.A. Berdyaev on the aesthetics of the avant-garde. The thinker, like many of his contemporaries, paid close attention to the crisis phenomena of art and culture at the beginning of the twentieth century and expressed non-trivial judgments about the reasons for the emergence of a new avant-garde aesthetics in the West and in Russia. Berdyaev managed to formulate an original philosophical-critical approach to the assessment of avant-garde creativity, distinguished by both methodological trust in the avant-garde and, of course, its criticism. The study argues that in the philosophical and theological discourse of N.A. Berdyaev's problem of creativity had paradigmatic significance. In the famous publication “The Crisis of Art” (1918), the philosopher summarized his views on the current state of art. Eschatological premonitions associated with the cultural crisis of the era were also characteristic of many other thinkers of the Silver Age. However, N.A. Berdyaev most subtly and deeply reflected the specific features of the avant-garde worldview. The article analyzes the conceptual relationships between the philosophical and theological discourse of N.A. Berdyaev and the religious ideas of Daniil Kharms, the author of the avant-garde group of the 1920s “Union of Real Art” (“OBERIU”). It is shown that it arose in the philosophical works of V.S. Solovyov’s idea of the era of the Holy Spirit or the Third Testament also influenced the philosophical work of N.A. Berdyaev, and on the experimental individual creativity and aesthetics of D. Kharms. The broader cultural context of Berdyaev’s philosophical ideas related to the concept of the “New Middle Ages” is also indicated, which had a strong impact on the intellectual mood of the era and was reflected in the work of another author of the OBERIU group, Konstantin Vaginov.
References:
(Sources)
Collected Works
1. Ivanov, G.V. Stikhotvoreniya [Poems], in Sobranie sochineniy v 3 t., t. 1 [Collected works in 3 vols., vol. 1]. Moscow, 1993. 656 p.
2. Kharms, D.I. Zapisnye knizhki. Dnevnik. V 2 kn. Kn. 2 [Notebooks. Diary. In 2 books. Book 2]. Saint-Petersburg, 2002. 416 p.
3. Kharms, D.I. Neizdannyy Kharms [Unreleased Kharms], in Kharms, D.I. Polnoe sobranie sochineniy. T. 4. Traktaty i stat'i. Pis'ma. Dopolneniya: ne voshedshee v t. 1–3 [Full composition of writings. T. 4. Treatises and articles. Letters. Additions: not included in vols. 1–3]. Saint-Petersburg, 2001. 318 p.
Individual Works
4. Berdyaev, N.A. Krizis iskusstva [Art crisis], in Esteticheskoe samosoznanie russkoy kul'tury. 20-e gody ХХ veka: Antologiya [Aesthetic self-awareness of Russian culture. 20s of the twentieth century: Anthology]. Moscow, 2003, pp. 47–67.
5. Berdyaev, N.A. Novoe Srednevekov'e. Razmyshlenie o sud'be Rossii i Evropy [New Middle Ages. Reflections on the fate of Russia and Europe], in Berdyaev, N.A. Smysl tvorchestva: Opyt opravdaniya cheloveka [The meaning of creativity: The experience of human justification]. Moscow, 2004, pp. 545–628.
6. Berdyaev, N.A. O naznachenii cheloveka [About the appointment of a person]. Moscow, 1993. 382 p.
7. Berdyaev, N.A. Smysl tvorchestva: Opyt opravdaniya cheloveka [The meaning of creativity: The experience of human justification]. Moscow, 2004. 678 p.
8. Druskin, Ya.S. Lestnitsa Iakova: Esse, traktaty, pis'ma [Jacob's Ladder: Essays, Treatises, Letters]. Saint-Petersburg, 2004. 768 p.
9. Iz stat'i «OBERIU». Poeziya OBERIUTOV [From the article “OBERIU”. Poetry of OBERIUTS], in Vvedenskiy, A.I. Polnoe sobranie proizvedeniy v 2 t., t. 2. Proizvedeniya 1938–1941. Prilozheniya [Full collection works, in 2 vols., vol. 2. Works 1938–1941. Applications]. Moscow, 1993, pp. 146–148.
10. Katsis, L.F. Prolegomeny k teologii OBERIU (Daniil Kharms i Aleksandr Vvedenskiy v kontekste Zaveta Sv. Dukha) [Prolegomena to the theology of OBERIU (Daniil Kharms and Alexander Vvedensky in the context of the Testament of the Holy Spirit)], in Katsis, L.F. Russkaya eskhatologiya i russkaya literatura [Russian eschatology and Russian literature]. Moscow, 2000, pp. 467–488.
11. Khoruzhiy, S.S. Metamorfozy slavyanofil'skoy idei v XX veke. Epizod 1: Ideya Slavyanskogo Vozrozhdeniya [Metamorphoses of the Slavophile idea in the twentieth century. Episode 1: The idea of the Slavic Renaissance], in Khoruzhiy, S.S. O starom i novom [About old and new]. Saint-Petersburg, 2000, pp. 118–125.
12. Merezhkovskiy, D.S. I. Gryadushchiy Kham. II. Chekhov i Gor'kiy [I. The Coming Ham. II. Chekhov and Gorky]. Saint-Petersburg, 1906. 185 p.
13. Rakov, V.P. Apofatika literaturno-khudozhestvennogo stilya (Opyt teoreticheskogo opisaniya) [Apophatics of literary and artistic style (Experience of theoretical description)], in Rakov, V.P. Filologiya i kul'tura. Stat'i [Philology and culture. Articles]. Ivanovo, 2003, pp. 25–48.
14. Vaginov, K.K. Kozlinaya pesn': romany [Song of the Goat: Novels]. Moscow, 1991. 592 p.
(Articles from Scientific Journals)
15. Gerasimova, A.G. Daniil Kharms kak sochinitel' (Problema chuda) [Daniil Kharms as a writer (The Problem of Miracle)], in Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 1995, no. 16, pp. 129–139.
16. Kosanovich, B. Tvorchestvo Andreya Nikoleva – beloe pyatno v izuchenii russkogo avangarda [The work of Andrei Nikolev is a blank spot in the study of the Russian avant-garde], in Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 9. Filologiya, 1995, no. 2, pp. 81–89.
17. Maksimov, M.V. V. Solov'ev i Ioakhim Florskiy: istoriosofskie paralleli [Soloviev and Joachim of Fiore: Historiosophical Parallels], in Filosofskiy al'manakh, 1998, no. 1-2, pp. 254–262.
18. Rychkov, A.L. Vladimir Solov'ev i antikhristy Ioakhima Florskogo [Vladimir Soloviev and the Antichrists of Joachim of Fiore], in Solov'evskie issledovaniya, 2018, issue 3(59), pp. 6–42.
(Articles from Proceedings and Collections of Research Papers)
19. Berdyaev, N.A. Predsmertnye mysli Fausta [Faust’s dying thoughts], in Berdyaev, N.A., Bukshpan, Ya.M., Stepun, F.A., Frank, S.L. Sbornik statey «Osval'd Shpengler i Zakat Evropy» [Collection of articles “Oswald Spengler and the Decline of Europe”]. Moscow, 1922, pp. 54–73.
20. Braginskaya, N.V. Slavyanskoe vozrozhdenie antichnosti [Slavic revival of antiquity], in Russkaya teoriya: 1920–1930-e gody. Materialy 10-kh Lotmanovskikh chteniy [Russian theory: 1920–1930s. Materials of the 10th Lotman readings]. Moscow, 2004, pp. 49–80.
21. Nikolaev, N.I. Sud'ba idei tret'ego Vozrozhdeniya [The fate of the idea of the third Renaissance], in Sbornik statey MOYZEON: Prof. A.I. Zaytsevu ko dnyu 70-letiya [Collection of articles MOYZEON: Prof. A.I. Zaitsev on his 70th birthday]. Saint-Petersburg, 1997, pp. 343–350.
22. Nikol'skaya, T.L. K.K. Vaginov (Kanva biografii i tvorchestva) [K.K. Vaginov (Outline of biography and creativity)], in Chetvertye Tynyanovskie chteniya: tezisy dokladov i materialy dlya obsuzhdeniya [Fourth Tynyanov readings: abstract. report and materials for discussion]. Riga, 1988, pp. 67–88.
23. Pavlinova, O.M. Antichnye obrazy v romane K. Vaginova «Kozlinaya pesn'» [Ancient images in K. Vaginov’s novel “The Goat Song”], in Mova і lіtaratura: materyyaly 77-y navuk. kanf. studentaў і aspіrantaў fіlalagіchnaga fak. BDU, Mіnsk, 22 krasavіka 2020 g. [Language and literature: materials of the 77th science. Conf. students and postgraduates of the Faculty of Philology. BSU, Minsk, April 22, 2020 / BSU, Faculty of Philology]. Mіnsk, 2020, pp.162–166.
24. Shukurov, D.L. M.M. Bakhtin i K.K. Vaginov: interferentsiya diskursov [M.M. Bakhtin and K.K. Vaginov: interference of discourses], in Bakhtinskiy vestnik. Sobranie sochineniy uchenykh v 5 t., t. 1 [Bakhtinsky Bulletin. Collected works of scientists in 5 vols., vol. 1]. Orel, 2005, pp. 337–356.
(Monographs)
25. Florovskiy, G., prot. Puti russkogo bogosloviya [Paths of Russian theology]. Paris, 1983. 600 p.
26. Tokarev, D.V. Kurs na khudshee: Absurd kak kategoriya teksta u Daniila Kharmsa i Samyuelya Bekketa [Course for the worst: Absurdity as a category of text in Daniil Kharms and Samuel Beckett]. Moscow, 2002. 336 p.
27. Zen'kovskiy, V.V. Istoriya russkoy filosofii [History of Russian philosophy]. Leningrad, 1991. Vol. 2. Part 2. 269 p.
28. Zhakkar, Zh.-F. Daniil Kharms i konets russkogo avangarda [Daniil Kharms and the end of the Russian avant-garde]. Saint-Petersburg, 1995. 471 p.
(Thesis and Thesis Abstracts)
29. Tokarev, D.V. Filosofskie i esteticheskie osnovy poetiki Daniila Kharmsa. Diss. ... d-ra filol. nauk: 10.01.01 [Philosophical and aesthetic foundations of the poetics of Daniil Kharms. Dr. philol. sci. diss.]. Saint-Petersburg, 2006. 407 p.
Key words:
avant-garde, avant-garde aesthetics, cultural crisis, Silver Age, eschatologism, ideas of N.A. Berdyaev, “New Middle Ages”, “Union of Real Art”, antiquity, Christianity, Bolshevism
The DOI index:
10.17588/2076-9210.2025.1.112-127
Publication file:
